Based on data from the Japanese Panel Survey of Consumers on the employment of Japanese women born in the 1960s and 1970s who raised children in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Nishimura, Junko. Motherhood and Work in Contemporary Japan. Routledge Research on Gender in Asia, vol. 12. New York: Routledge/Taylor and Francis, 2016. Sylvia. Accessed July 28, 2025. https://sylvia.library.wisc.edu/catalog/SYL4265.
